Английский язык: Контрольная работа № 2 для МЭСИ

Контрольная работа № 2 Задание 1. К представленным глаголам (А) подберите однокоренные слова (В). Образовавшиеся группы переведите на русский язык. A. define, serve, economize, reduce, determine, dominate, characterize, fluctuate, market, combine. B. combination, dominance, reduction, marketing, service, economy, definition, fluctuation, determination, characteristics. Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие цепочки имен существительных. Market decisions, service prices, market forces, consumer needs, business entities, government control. Задание 3. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие термины и терминологические словосочетания. Economic system, market economy, planned economy, command economy, mixed economy, industrial sector, national government, central planning, economic activities. Supply, demand, subsidies, commodity, regulation, capitalist, socialist. Задание 4. Заполните пропуски в каждом предложении модальным глаголом или словосочетанием из представленного списка. Предложения переведите на русский язык. Have to, had to, don’t have to, must, mustn’t, must have, might have, should, could 1. We’re trying a new dress code. We …… wear formal clothes on Fridays. 2. You …… touch that button! The whole production line will stop! 3. I’m not sure, but I think I …… made a mistake. 4. Before we agree, we’ll …… study the contract in more detail. 5. Sorry I can’t stay any longer. I really …… go now or I’ll miss my train. 6. If you need the goods urgently, we …… speed up the order. 7. Sorry I’m late, but I …… go to the doctor’s. 8. It …… been embarrassing for you to forget his name. 9. I think we ……accept their offer. It’s the best we’ll get. 10. Luckily, I …… attend the meeting yesterday, so I managed to finish all my paperwork. Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст “Types of Economic Systems”. Types of Economic Systems An economic system is loosely defined as country’s plan for its services, goods produced, and the exact way in which its economic plan is carried out. In general, there are three major types of economic systems prevailing around the world: the market economy, the planned economy and the mixed economy. Market Economy In a market economy, the national government plays a minor role. Instead, consumers and their buying decisions drive the economy. Market economies aim to reduce or eliminate entirely subsidies for a particular industry, the pre-determination of prices for different commodities, and the amount of regulation controlling different industrial sectors. The absence of central planning is one of the major features of this economic system. Market decisions are mainly dominated by supply and demand. The role of the government in a market economy is to simply make sure that the market is stable enough to carry out its economic activities properly. Planned Economy A planned economy is also sometimes called a command economy. The most important aspect of this type of economy is that all major decisions related to the production, distribution, commodity and service prices, are all made by the government. The planned economy is government directed, and market forces have very little say in such an economy. This type of economy lacks the kind of flexibility that is characteristic for a market economy, and because of this, the planned economy reacts slower to changes in consumer needs and fluctuating patterns of supply and demand. On the other hand, a planned economy aims at using all available resources for developing production instead of allotting the resources for advertising or marketing. Mixed Economy A mixed economy combines elements of both the planned and the market economies in one cohesive system. This means that certain features from both market and planned economic systems are taken to form this type of economy. This system prevails in many countries where neither the government nor the business entities control the economic activities of that country - both sectors play an important role in the economic decision-making of the country. In a mixed economy there is flexibility in some areas and government control in others. Mixed economies include both capitalist and socialist economic policies and often arise in societies that seek to balance a wide range of political and economic views. Задание 6. Укажите, являются ли следующие утверждения верными (True) или ложными (False). 1. Some types of economies prevail around the world. 2. One of the major features of a planned economy is the absence of central planning. 3. In a market economy prices are determined by demand and supply. 4. A planned economy doesn’t lack flexibility. 5. A planned economy is government directed. 6. Neither the government nor the business entities control the economic activities of the country with a mixed economy. 7. Mixed economies include both capitalist and socialist policies. Задание 7. Завершите следующие предложения. 1. In a market economy consumers and their buying decisions … . 2. Market economies … . 3. The role of the government in a market economy … . 4. The most important aspect of a planned economy … . 5. In a command economy market forces … . 6. A planned economy … . 7. A mixed economy … . 8. In a mixed economy … . Задание 8. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы. 1. What are the main types of economic systems? 2. Why is government regulation impossible in a market economy? 3. Does a market or a planned economy react slower to changes in consumer needs? 4. A mixed economy combines elements of both the planned and the market economies, doesn’t it? 5. What societies seek to have a mixed economy? Задание 9. Составьте письмо-запрос. Задание 10. Письменно на английском языке выразите Ваше мнение об экономической системе Республики Беларусь (10-12 предложений).