Английский язык: Контрольная работа № 1

Контрольная работа № 1 Задание 1. К представленным глаголам (А) подберите однокоренные слова (В). Образовавшиеся группы переведите на русский язык. A. produce, distribute, consume, evolve, manage, administer, develop, govern, educate, employ. B. administration, employment, production, manager, development, distributor, evolution, consumer, education, government, producer, unemployment, management, distribution, administrator, employer, consumption, employee, governor. Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие цепочки имен существительных. Land resources, end result, labour efficiency, society evolution, government policy, exchange rate, management functions, production level, development program, unemployment benefits, consumer behaviour. Задание 3. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие термины и терминологические словосочетания. Economy, economics, economic system, economic agent, economic model, economic analysis, economic growth, economic theory. Political economy, modern economics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, positive economics, normative economics, applied economics, mainstream economics, heterodox economics, rational economics, behavioral economics. Задание 4. Прочитайте следующие предложения. Определите время и залог сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1. Economists make models because they want to use them in economic analysis. 2. The term “macroeconomics” was first used in the 1930s. 3. Russia’s economy didn’t grow fast in 1990s. 4. Most of the lands in the North of the country have not been used yet. 5. Brazil has recently increased the exports of foodstuffs. 6. There are some applied fields of economics in which specialists are interested. 7. Profit and losses of the firm are being studied by the manager at the moment. 8. The government policy is changing the economic conditions in this region. 9. If the company raises labour efficiency, it will become more profitable. 10. The managers were discussing the report for over an hour. Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык следующий текст. Economy and Economics An economy consists of the economic system of a country or other area, the labor, capital and land resources, and the economic agents that socially participate in the production, exchange, distribution, and consumption of goods and services of that area. A given economy is the end result of a process that involves its technological evolution, history and social organization, as well as its geography, natural resource endowment, and ecology, as main factors. These factors give context, content, and set the conditions and parameters in which an economy functions. Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek ????????? (oikonomia, "management of a household, administration"). Current economic models emerged from the broader field of political economy in the late 19th century. A primary stimulus for the development of modern economics was the desire to use an empirical approach more akin to the physical sciences. Economics aims to explain how economies work and how economic agents interact. Economic analysis is applied throughout society, in business, finance and government, but also in crime, education, the family, health, law, politics, religion, social institutions, war, and science. Common distinctions are drawn between various dimensions of economics. The primary textbook distinction is between microeconomics, which examines the behavior of basic elements in the economy, including individual markets and agents (such as consumers and firms, buyers and sellers), and macroeconomics, which addresses issues affecting an entire economy, including unemployment, inflation, economic growth, and monetary and fiscal policy. Other distinctions include: between positive economics (describing "what is") and normative economics (advocating "what ought to be"), between economic theory and applied economics, between mainstream economics (more "orthodox" dealing with the "rationality-individualism-equilibrium nexus") and heterodox economics (more "radical" dealing with the "institutions-history-social structure nexus"), and between rational and behavioral economics. Задание 6. Укажите, являются ли следующие утверждения верными (True) или ложными (False). 1. There is no difference between economy and economics. 2. Economics is one of social sciences. 3. An economy is the system of the country by which goods and services of the country are produced, exchanged, distributed and consumed. 4. An economy can’t be affected by geography, natural resources, ecology, technological evolution, history and culture of the country. 5. The term economics goes back to the Ancient Greek. 6. The aim of economics is to explain how economies work and how economic agents interact. 7. It’s impossible to apply economic analysis to the entire society. 8. The primary distinction between various dimensions of economics deals with microeconomics and macroeconomics. 9. The behaviour of consumers and firms are examined by both microeconomics and macroeconomics. 10. Such issues as monetary and fiscal policy are studies by macroeconomics. Задание 7. Завершите следующие предложения. 1. Economic agents participate in … . 2. Economics analyses … . 3. Microeconomics examines … . 4. Macroeconomics addresses issues … . 5. There is a distinction between economic theory and … . Задание 8. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы. 1. What is the difference between an economy and economics? 2. What factors influence an economy of the country? 3. Where did modern economic models come from? 4. What dimensions of economics are mentioned in the text? 5. Are there any distinctions between the various dimensions of economics? Задание 9. Составьте деловое письмо. Задание 10. Напишите краткое сочинение (10-12 предложений) о себе (“About Myself”).